
Let's look at the bids in order:
a. S might open 1
♠ third seat, BUT being vul takes most of the luster from this bid. A good 1
♠ open non-vul becomes sub-marginal vul - too easy to go for a quit -200. No charge here, but also no charge for 1
♠ either.
b. Over 1
♥ N might make a light passed hand double, BUT he is vul and holds
♥Q doubleton - a very bad holding for offense - 10 WORKING HCP and 4-2-4-3 distr. would make a dbl OK, but not mandatory. Imo. dbl is wrong and pass is clearcut.
c. Over 2
♥ S has to pass. "Prebalancing" is imo. not totally crazy, but you are vul and LHO is unlimited. It's a pretty desperate act.
d. N is in the balancing chair over 2
♥. It is almost never right to pass this auction esp. at MP's. Imo, the only two options are dbl and 2
♠. My preference by a considerable margin would be 2
♠, but one cannot argue that dbl would be wrong.
Charges: N 100% for not balancing on an auction that begs for it. I have heard of one world class player who claims 100% balancing action is correct regardless of your hand. N had a hand within shouting distance of bidding on the previous round of bidding.
All of the choices except d. depend to an extent on the strength of the opposition and the state of our game. I would generally advise not to be eager to bid against strong players unless you enjoy being endplayed or doubled for a telephone number.
Also, W choice to open the bidding in 4th chair was way against percentage esp. since he lacked spades. Were I S, I would be mildly insulted. My result, playing vs myself would be Passed Out, a below average result - oh well!